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Northeast China
Northeast China (), historically also known as Manchuria, is a geographical region of China. It consists specifically of the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang, collectively referred as the Three Northeastern Provinces (东北三省, ''Dōngběi sānshěng''), but broadly also encompasses the eastern part of Inner Mongolia.〔According to the Republic of China's administrative divisions, the Northeast (including parts of Inner Mongolia) is divided into nine provinces and the region was historically called the Nine Northeastern Provinces (東北九省, ''Dōngběi Jiǔshěng'').〕 The region is separated from Far Eastern Russia to the north largely by the Amur, Argun and Ussuri rivers, from North Korea to the south by the Yalu River and Tumen River, and from the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region to the west by the Greater Khingan Range. The heartland of the region is the Northeast China Plain.
In the context of the Northeast Area Revitalization Plan by the State Council of the People's Republic of China, five prefecture-level cities of eastern Inner Mongolia, namely Xilin Gol, Chifeng, Tongliao, Hinggan and Hulunbuir, are also formally defined as regions of the Northeast.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2007-08/20/content_721632.htm )〕 The region is nearly congruent with some definitions of "Manchuria" in historical foreign usage.〔It is also sometimes referred to as ''Inner Manchuria'' in contrast with Outer Manchuria, provinces lost to the Russian Empire during the Qing Dynasty.〕
Another term for the area is Guandong (关东, ''Guāndōng''), meaning "east of the Pass", referring to the famous Shanhai Pass between Liaoning Province and the neighboring Hebei Province (and alsoNorth China) to the west. This name was also used by the occupying Japanese colonists referring to their leased territory of Dalian after the 1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki, as the ''Kwantung Chou'' (関東州), which gave name to the occupying Kwantung Army that was later mobilized to set up the puppet state of Manchukuo.
==Administrative divisions==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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